MyAchyBack Potential Pain Solution: Chiropractic
Chiropractic Feature Article
Stretch Before or After Exercise? |
There's
been a lot of discussion lately about the best time to stretch.
Ultimately, there's no right or wrong here. What works for you works
for you.
The main point is to be sure to stretch.
Recent
exercise physiology studies do show that static stretching (slow, easy
stretching) actually reduces muscular power and strength in the
short-term. So, for competitive, high-level athletes, static stretching
is best done AFTER exercise.
For people in their thirties and
beyond, many of whom have had back issues at some time, it may still be
a very good idea to do static stretching before exercise. The primary
value here is to prepare the muscles, ligaments, and joints of the
lower back for work. Static stretching of the big muscles of the legs -
the hamstrings, calves, and quads - reflexively loosens and elongates
lower back muscles and supporting structures.
So, for many of us, doing our regular
stretching routine first, followed by five or ten minutes of a dynamic
warm-up, is still the best preparation for a safe, enjoyable,
fulfilling workout. |
1. Why stretch? Stretching lengthens muscles and improves flexibility.
1,2
Also, stretching the big leg muscles - the hamstrings, calves, and
quads - simultaneously loosens and lengthens the muscles of your lower
back. So, when you stretch, you're helping your back!
2. When to stretch? Recent exercise physiology studies show that static stretching is best done after exercise.
3
Pre-exercise "dynamic warm-ups", such as torso twists, arm circles, and
light jogging, prepare the body for work. Importantly, for those of us
with back issues, it's still a good idea to do the familiar static
stretches even before the dynamic warm-up!
3. Don't rush! Stretching is as important as what
you're going to do after you stretch. And, if you rush, you might pull
a muscle or worse. Be sure to include 10 to 15 minutes of stretching as
part of your exercise time.
4. Stretch gently and slowly. You're not trying to
accomplish anything while stretching. In other words, you're not trying
to stretch "this much" or "this far". Nice and easy does it. Stretching
is a Zen activity. There should be nor "effort".
5. Pay attention! If your mind drifts, you're headed for a pulled muscle.
6.
Visualize! See (in your mind) what you're doing. Hold a mental visual
image of the muscle group, where it comes from, where it goes.
Visualization helps establish a brain-muscle connection, making your
muscles much smarter!
7. Stretch your hamstrings first. Lie on your back with
one knee bent [start with the left leg bent; you'll be stretching the
right hamstring]. The left foot is on the floor and the left knee is
bent approximately 90 degrees. Holding behind the right knee, gently
bring that knee to your chest. Alternate this chest movement with a
movement that begins to straighten the right leg in the air. The
eventual goal on straightening is to achieve a 90 degree angle (or
close to this) between the leg and your torso.
8. CAUTION - Progress may be quite slow. Remember - you
are where you are. Stretching is gentle and slow. Alternate the bending
and straightening movements gently, achieving a slightly greater
straightening each time. You should work each leg for between three and
five minutes.
9. Calf stretches - face a wall and place both hands
lightly on the wall. Keeping both feet facing front, bend the front
knee and place the foot of the leg to be stretched directly behind you.
Your weight is being supported by the front leg. The back knee is
pretty straight and the back heel is on or close to the floor. Maintain
the stretch for 10 seconds, feeling the stretch in the calf as the back
heel reaches toward the floor.
10. Quad stretches - stand on your left leg, placing a
hand lightly on a wall to support the upright posture. Grasp just above
the right ankle with your right hand and bring that heel close to the
right buttock. The quadriceps is stretched by bringing the right thigh
in line with the left thigh, just as if you were standing on both legs.
The knees should also be close, in a line. You should feel a stretching
sensation down the right thigh. Imagine a straight line running from
your right hip socket all the way to the floor.
1Ferreira GN, et al: Gains in flexibility related to measures of muscular performance. Clin J Sport Med 17(4):276-281, 2007.
2Peeler
J, Anderson JE: Effectiveness of static quadriceps stretching in
individuals with patellofemoral joint pain. Clin J Sport Med
17(4):234-241, 2007.
3Behm DG, et al: Effect of acute static stretching
on force, balance, reaction time, and movement time. Med Sci Sports
Exercise (36(8):1397-1402, 2004.
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